Neck Pain (Dermatome) Patterns

Dermatomes are specific regions of the skin that are innervated by a single spinal nerve. The cervical dermatomes refer to those areas of the skin that are supplied by the sensory nerves arising from the cervical (neck) region of the spinal cord. Each cervical nerve is associated with a particular dermatome, and understanding these patterns can be clinically relevant for diagnosing and localizing neurological issues.

Here are the general cervical dermatome patterns:

1. C2 Dermatome:
   • Located at the back of the head and neck.
   • Corresponds to the occipital region.
2. C3 Dermatome:
   • Covers the lateral neck.
3. C4 Dermatome:
   • Extends over the shoulder and upper portion of the anterior chest.
4. C5 Dermatome:
   • Runs down the lateral arm and forearm to the base of the thumb.
   • This dermatome is associated with the deltoid region.
5. C6 Dermatome:
   • Innervates the thumb side of the forearm and the radial side of the hand.
   • The area over the thumb and index finger is covered.
6. C7 Dermatome:
   • Spreads over the middle finger and the posterior aspect of the arm and forearm.
7. C8 Dermatome:
   • Encompasses the ring and little fingers.
   • Extends to the medial side of the arm and forearm.
8. T1 Dermatome:
   • Covers the medial side of the forearm.
   • Extends to the axilla (armpit).

Remember that these dermatomal patterns provide a general guideline, and there can be some overlap between adjacent dermatomes. Additionally, individual variations in anatomy can occur.

Clinical applications of understanding dermatomes include diagnosing radiculopathies (compression or inflammation of spinal nerve roots), assessing sensory deficits, and localizing the level of spinal cord injury or nerve damage.

Keep in mind that if you suspect any neurological issues or experience unusual symptoms, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation and diagnosis.

Author

Luis M. Espinoza MD Dr. Espinoza served as the AAA Team Doctor for the the New Orleans Zephyrs/BabyCakes since joining the Orthopedic Center for Sports Medicine in 2003. He is double board certified in General Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine.